Selamat Mengerjakan TRYOUT LITERASI BAHASA INGGRIS 16 Name Email Asal Sekolah Phone 1. perhatikan soal berikut! SAVE 20% It's only a phone Call away MAYCOTT HOTELS Over 30 five-star hotels all over the nation to suit your every need Reserve a room today, and you will save 20% on all rooms at Maycott “Room for the Day” (excluding tax) by using your American Express Corporate Card. Due to seasonal demands, the availabilkity of rooms may be subject to each hotel's situation. An advance reservatioan, to be made by calling our toll-free number 1-800-755-0090 at least 10 working days before your stay, is required to quality for the discount. Which of the following is NOT a condition placed on receiving the discount? Aguest must use a specific type of credit card to pay for a room The booking must be done well in advance of checking into the hotel. The reservations must be carried out by calling the toll-free number Guests must make their payments in cash. room reservation has to be done 10 days before staying. 2. perhatikan soal berikut! SAVE 20% It's only a phone Call away MAYCOTT HOTELS Over 30 five-star hotels all over the nation to suit your every need Reserve a room today, and you will save 20% on all rooms at Maycott “Room for the Day” (excluding tax) by using your American Express Corporate Card. Due to seasonal demands, the availabilkity of rooms may be subject to each hotel's situation. An advance reservatioan, to be made by calling our toll-free number 1-800-755-0090 at least 10 working days before your stay, is required to quality for the discount. What will the discount apply to? Accommodations Meals Transportation. Sales tax. Ballroom rent. 3. perhatikan soal berikut! SAVE 20% It's only a phone Call away MAYCOTT HOTELS Over 30 five-star hotels all over the nation to suit your every need Reserve a room today, and you will save 20% on all rooms at Maycott “Room for the Day” (excluding tax) by using your American Express Corporate Card. Due to seasonal demands, the availabilkity of rooms may be subject to each hotel's situation. An advance reservatioan, to be made by calling our toll-free number 1-800-755-0090 at least 10 working days before your stay, is required to quality for the discount. What can be implied from the advertisement? Most travelers don't make a habit of making reservations prior to checking in. There is a business relationship between the credit card company and the hotel. The hotel gets very busy during the summer season. It usually takes a minimum of 10 days for a credit card to clear. Rooms are mostly unavailable on holidays. 4. perhatikan soal berikut! Editorial: The mayor plans to deactivate the city's fire alarm boxes, because most calls received from them are false alarms. The mayor claims that the alarm boxes are no longer necessary, since most people now have access to either public or private tele- phones. But the city's commercial district, where there is the greatest risk of fire, has few residents and few public telephones, so some alarmboxes are still necessary. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the editorial's argument? Maintaining the fire alarm boxes costs the city more than five million dollars annually. Commercial buildings have automatic fire alarm systems that are linked directly to the fire department. The fire department gets less information from an alarm box than it does from a telephone call. The city's fire department is located much closer to the residential areas than to the commercial district. On average, almost 25 percent of the public telephones in the city are out of order. 5. perhatikan soal berikut! Company Alpha buys free-travel coupons from people who are awarded the coupons by Bravo Airlines for flying frequently on Bravo airplanes. The coupons are sold to people who pay less for the coupons than they would pay by purchasing tickets from Bravo. This marketing of coupons results in lost revenue for Bravo. To discourage the buying and selling of freetravel coupons, it would be best for Bravo Airlines to restrict the ... number of coupons that a person can be awarded in a particular year use of the coupons to those who were awarded the coupons and members of their immediate families days that the coupons can be used to Monday through Friday amount of time that the coupons can be used after they are issued number of routes on which travelers can use the coupons 6. perhatikan soal berikut! Toughened hiring standards have not been the primary cause of the present staffing shortage in public schools. The shortage of teachers is primarily caused by the fact that in recent years teachers have not experienced any improvements in working conditions and their salaries have not kept pace with salaries in other professions. Which of the following, if true, would most support the claims above? Many teachers already in the profession would not have been hired under the new hiring standards. Today more teachers are entering the profession with a higher educational level than in the past. Some teachers have cited higher standards for hiring as a reason for the current staffing shortage. Many teachers have cited low pay and lack of professional freedom as reasons for their leaving the profession. EMany prospective teachers have cited the new hiring standards as a reason for not entering the profession. 7. perhatikan soal berikut! Journalist: In physics journals, the number of articles reporting the results of experiments involving particle accelerators was lower last year than it had been in previous years. Several of the particle accelerators at major research institutions were out of service the year before last for repairs, soit is likely that the low number of articles was due to the decline in availability of particle accelerators. Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the journalist's argument? Every article based on experiments with particle accelerators that was submitted for publication last year actually was published. The average time scientists must wait for access to a particle accelerator has declined over the last several years. The number of physics journals was the same last year as in previous years. Particle accelerators can be used for more than one group of experiments in any given year. Recent changes in the editorial policies of several physics journals have decreased the likelihood that articles concerning particle accelerator research will be accepted for publication. 8. perhatikan soal berikut! Passage 1 The inner lonic frieze of figures was seen from below in reflected light against a colored ground. It enriched the plain wall and directed attention toward the entrance to the temple. Though its subject is still 3 matter of scholarly dispute (“the riddle of the Parthenon frieze"), it probably represents the Panathenaic orocession that took place every four years when the citizens of Athens gathered in the marketplace and carried the peplos, or robe, for the statue of Athena to the Parthenon. The robe was not for Phidias' ivory and gold statue, but for an older, archaic one, kept, ultimately, in the Erechtheion of the Acropolis. This is the first known representation of a nonmythological subject in Greek temple reliefs. The Panathenaic frieze is unique in the ancient world for its careful creation of the impression of the passage of time, albeit a brief fragment of time. The effect is achieved by the use of a sequence of figures posed to present a gradation of motion. In the part of the frieze that decorated the western "de of the naos, the viewer can see the procession forming: youths are lacing their sandals and holding or mounting their horsess they are guided by marshals who stand at intervals, and particularly at the corners, to slow movement and guide the horsemen at the turn. In the friezes of the two long sides of the naos, the procession moves in parallel lines, a cavalcade of spirited youths, chariots, alders, jar carriers, and animals for sacrifice. Seen throughout the procession is that balance of the monumentally simple and the actual, of the tactile and the optical, of the "ideal" and the "real," of the permanent and the momentary that is characteristically Greek and the perfect exemplification of the "inner concord of opposites" that Heraclitus, the philosopher, wrote of in the sixth century B.C. The movement of the procession becomes slower and more solemn as it nears the eastern side of the naos, when, after turning the corner, it approaches the seated divinities, who appear to be guests of Athena at her great festival. Standing figures face against the general movement at ever- closer intervals, slowing the forward motion of the procession. Passage 2 There are many representations of festival or sacrifice in classical Greek art but it is unparalleled to find them attended by a number of guest deities, let alone the complete pantheon. And here we see Athena herself in their number: and they seem to be ignoring the handling of the peplos, which is the nearest we get to the culminating act of the procession. Finally, there is the choice of subject. in Lawrence's words, "Never before has a contemporary subject been treated on a religious building and no subsequent Greek instance is known, with the doubtful exception of the Erechtheum. The flagrant breach with tradition requires explanation. It is unthinkable that a classical Athenian, looking up at the frieze, could have said to himself "there I go", or even more vaguely "there we go". The subject must be, in some respect, more than mortal and the explanation must lie in the frieze itself and in knowledge of the background to its carving and the building on which it was placed. Moreover the explanation must have been apparent to the classical Athenian who knew this background. We cannot exempt the frieze from the conventions of classical art. We must rule out, then, the explanation that it is a contemporary or generic statement of the Panathenaic procession conducted by the citizens of Periclean Athens. In classical Athens of these years there was one group of mortal Athenian citizens who, by their actions, had acquired the right to depiction on public buildings and in the company of the gods: these are the men who fought at Marathon. Pausanias tells us that the people of Marathon worshipped the Athenian men who died as heroes, and a Hellenic inscription records that young Athenian men lay wreaths at their tomb. The heroising of the dead at Marathon is a fact which cannot be called. into dispute, and it was appropriate that they should have been celebrated on the Parthenon, in a position secondary to that of the purely divine and heroic subjects. My suggestion is that the frieze shows the fighters of Marathon celebrating the prime festival of the goddess Athena, on the temple dedicated to her as a thanksgiving for her aid at Marathon and afterwards, and in a manner which indicates the heroic status of those who fell there. The authorof Passage 1 referencesa quote from Heraclitus (paragraph 2) primarily to ... reinforce the sense of the passage of time present in the frieze suggest that opposing qualities of the carving present a sense of overall balance prove that the style of the frieze is characteristically Greek emphasize the contrast between the men in the procession and the goddess Athena at its end point out the possibilities of opposite genders to unite 9. perhatikan soal berikut! Passage 1 The inner lonic frieze of figures was seen from below in reflected light against a colored ground. It enriched the plain wall and directed attention toward the entrance to the temple. Though its subject is still 3 matter of scholarly dispute (“the riddle of the Parthenon frieze"), it probably represents the Panathenaic orocession that took place every four years when the citizens of Athens gathered in the marketplace and carried the peplos, or robe, for the statue of Athena to the Parthenon. The robe was not for Phidias' ivory and gold statue, but for an older, archaic one, kept, ultimately, in the Erechtheion of the Acropolis. This is the first known representation of a nonmythological subject in Greek temple reliefs. The Panathenaic frieze is unique in the ancient world for its careful creation of the impression of the passage of time, albeit a brief fragment of time. The effect is achieved by the use of a sequence of figures posed to present a gradation of motion. In the part of the frieze that decorated the western "de of the naos, the viewer can see the procession forming: youths are lacing their sandals and holding or mounting their horsess they are guided by marshals who stand at intervals, and particularly at the corners, to slow movement and guide the horsemen at the turn. In the friezes of the two long sides of the naos, the procession moves in parallel lines, a cavalcade of spirited youths, chariots, alders, jar carriers, and animals for sacrifice. Seen throughout the procession is that balance of the monumentally simple and the actual, of the tactile and the optical, of the "ideal" and the "real," of the permanent and the momentary that is characteristically Greek and the perfect exemplification of the "inner concord of opposites" that Heraclitus, the philosopher, wrote of in the sixth century B.C. The movement of the procession becomes slower and more solemn as it nears the eastern side of the naos, when, after turning the corner, it approaches the seated divinities, who appear to be guests of Athena at her great festival. Standing figures face against the general movement at ever- closer intervals, slowing the forward motion of the procession. Passage 2 There are many representations of festival or sacrifice in classical Greek art but it is unparalleled to find them attended by a number of guest deities, let alone the complete pantheon. And here we see Athena herself in their number: and they seem to be ignoring the handling of the peplos, which is the nearest we get to the culminating act of the procession. Finally, there is the choice of subject. in Lawrence's words, "Never before has a contemporary subject been treated on a religious building and no subsequent Greek instance is known, with the doubtful exception of the Erechtheum. The flagrant breach with tradition requires explanation. It is unthinkable that a classical Athenian, looking up at the frieze, could have said to himself "there I go", or even more vaguely "there we go". The subject must be, in some respect, more than mortal and the explanation must lie in the frieze itself and in knowledge of the background to its carving and the building on which it was placed. Moreover the explanation must have been apparent to the classical Athenian who knew this background. We cannot exempt the frieze from the conventions of classical art. We must rule out, then, the explanation that it is a contemporary or generic statement of the Panathenaic procession conducted by the citizens of Periclean Athens. In classical Athens of these years there was one group of mortal Athenian citizens who, by their actions, had acquired the right to depiction on public buildings and in the company of the gods: these are the men who fought at Marathon. Pausanias tells us that the people of Marathon worshipped the Athenian men who died as heroes, and a Hellenic inscription records that young Athenian men lay wreaths at their tomb. The heroising of the dead at Marathon is a fact which cannot be called. into dispute, and it was appropriate that they should have been celebrated on the Parthenon, in a position secondary to that of the purely divine and heroic subjects. My suggestion is that the frieze shows the fighters of Marathon celebrating the prime festival of the goddess Athena, on the temple dedicated to her as a thanksgiving for her aid at Marathon and afterwards, and in a manner which indicates the heroic status of those who fell there. The first two paragraphs of Passage 2 primarily serve to... reject the idea that the frieze depicts the Panathenaic procession argue against the idea that the frieze represents the passage of time suggest that the frieze represents the heroes of Marathon outline problems in the traditional interpretation of the frieze to highlight the long-held misconceptions of Panathenaic procession. 10. perhatikan soal berikut! Passage 1 The inner lonic frieze of figures was seen from below in reflected light against a colored ground. It enriched the plain wall and directed attention toward the entrance to the temple. Though its subject is still 3 matter of scholarly dispute (“the riddle of the Parthenon frieze"), it probably represents the Panathenaic orocession that took place every four years when the citizens of Athens gathered in the marketplace and carried the peplos, or robe, for the statue of Athena to the Parthenon. The robe was not for Phidias' ivory and gold statue, but for an older, archaic one, kept, ultimately, in the Erechtheion of the Acropolis. This is the first known representation of a nonmythological subject in Greek temple reliefs. The Panathenaic frieze is unique in the ancient world for its careful creation of the impression of the passage of time, albeit a brief fragment of time. The effect is achieved by the use of a sequence of figures posed to present a gradation of motion. In the part of the frieze that decorated the western "de of the naos, the viewer can see the procession forming: youths are lacing their sandals and holding or mounting their horsess they are guided by marshals who stand at intervals, and particularly at the corners, to slow movement and guide the horsemen at the turn. In the friezes of the two long sides of the naos, the procession moves in parallel lines, a cavalcade of spirited youths, chariots, alders, jar carriers, and animals for sacrifice. Seen throughout the procession is that balance of the monumentally simple and the actual, of the tactile and the optical, of the "ideal" and the "real," of the permanent and the momentary that is characteristically Greek and the perfect exemplification of the "inner concord of opposites" that Heraclitus, the philosopher, wrote of in the sixth century B.C. The movement of the procession becomes slower and more solemn as it nears the eastern side of the naos, when, after turning the corner, it approaches the seated divinities, who appear to be guests of Athena at her great festival. Standing figures face against the general movement at ever- closer intervals, slowing the forward motion of the procession. Passage 2 There are many representations of festival or sacrifice in classical Greek art but it is unparalleled to find them attended by a number of guest deities, let alone the complete pantheon. And here we see Athena herself in their number: and they seem to be ignoring the handling of the peplos, which is the nearest we get to the culminating act of the procession. Finally, there is the choice of subject. in Lawrence's words, "Never before has a contemporary subject been treated on a religious building and no subsequent Greek instance is known, with the doubtful exception of the Erechtheum. The flagrant breach with tradition requires explanation. It is unthinkable that a classical Athenian, looking up at the frieze, could have said to himself "there I go", or even more vaguely "there we go". The subject must be, in some respect, more than mortal and the explanation must lie in the frieze itself and in knowledge of the background to its carving and the building on which it was placed. Moreover the explanation must have been apparent to the classical Athenian who knew this background. We cannot exempt the frieze from the conventions of classical art. We must rule out, then, the explanation that it is a contemporary or generic statement of the Panathenaic procession conducted by the citizens of Periclean Athens. In classical Athens of these years there was one group of mortal Athenian citizens who, by their actions, had acquired the right to depiction on public buildings and in the company of the gods: these are the men who fought at Marathon. Pausanias tells us that the people of Marathon worshipped the Athenian men who died as heroes, and a Hellenic inscription records that young Athenian men lay wreaths at their tomb. The heroising of the dead at Marathon is a fact which cannot be called. into dispute, and it was appropriate that they should have been celebrated on the Parthenon, in a position secondary to that of the purely divine and heroic subjects. My suggestion is that the frieze shows the fighters of Marathon celebrating the prime festival of the goddess Athena, on the temple dedicated to her as a thanksgiving for her aid at Marathon and afterwards, and in a manner which indicates the heroic status of those who fell there. As usedin paragraph 1 (Passage 2), "mortal" most nearly means ... human deadly terrible common Timeless 11. perhatikan soal berikut! Passage 1 The inner lonic frieze of figures was seen from below in reflected light against a colored ground. It enriched the plain wall and directed attention toward the entrance to the temple. Though its subject is still 3 matter of scholarly dispute (“the riddle of the Parthenon frieze"), it probably represents the Panathenaic orocession that took place every four years when the citizens of Athens gathered in the marketplace and carried the peplos, or robe, for the statue of Athena to the Parthenon. The robe was not for Phidias' ivory and gold statue, but for an older, archaic one, kept, ultimately, in the Erechtheion of the Acropolis. This is the first known representation of a nonmythological subject in Greek temple reliefs. The Panathenaic frieze is unique in the ancient world for its careful creation of the impression of the passage of time, albeit a brief fragment of time. The effect is achieved by the use of a sequence of figures posed to present a gradation of motion. In the part of the frieze that decorated the western "de of the naos, the viewer can see the procession forming: youths are lacing their sandals and holding or mounting their horsess they are guided by marshals who stand at intervals, and particularly at the corners, to slow movement and guide the horsemen at the turn. In the friezes of the two long sides of the naos, the procession moves in parallel lines, a cavalcade of spirited youths, chariots, alders, jar carriers, and animals for sacrifice. Seen throughout the procession is that balance of the monumentally simple and the actual, of the tactile and the optical, of the "ideal" and the "real," of the permanent and the momentary that is characteristically Greek and the perfect exemplification of the "inner concord of opposites" that Heraclitus, the philosopher, wrote of in the sixth century B.C. The movement of the procession becomes slower and more solemn as it nears the eastern side of the naos, when, after turning the corner, it approaches the seated divinities, who appear to be guests of Athena at her great festival. Standing figures face against the general movement at ever- closer intervals, slowing the forward motion of the procession. Passage 2 There are many representations of festival or sacrifice in classical Greek art but it is unparalleled to find them attended by a number of guest deities, let alone the complete pantheon. And here we see Athena herself in their number: and they seem to be ignoring the handling of the peplos, which is the nearest we get to the culminating act of the procession. Finally, there is the choice of subject. in Lawrence's words, "Never before has a contemporary subject been treated on a religious building and no subsequent Greek instance is known, with the doubtful exception of the Erechtheum. The flagrant breach with tradition requires explanation. It is unthinkable that a classical Athenian, looking up at the frieze, could have said to himself "there I go", or even more vaguely "there we go". The subject must be, in some respect, more than mortal and the explanation must lie in the frieze itself and in knowledge of the background to its carving and the building on which it was placed. Moreover the explanation must have been apparent to the classical Athenian who knew this background. We cannot exempt the frieze from the conventions of classical art. We must rule out, then, the explanation that it is a contemporary or generic statement of the Panathenaic procession conducted by the citizens of Periclean Athens. In classical Athens of these years there was one group of mortal Athenian citizens who, by their actions, had acquired the right to depiction on public buildings and in the company of the gods: these are the men who fought at Marathon. Pausanias tells us that the people of Marathon worshipped the Athenian men who died as heroes, and a Hellenic inscription records that young Athenian men lay wreaths at their tomb. The heroising of the dead at Marathon is a fact which cannot be called. into dispute, and it was appropriate that they should have been celebrated on the Parthenon, in a position secondary to that of the purely divine and heroic subjects. My suggestion is that the frieze shows the fighters of Marathon celebrating the prime festival of the goddess Athena, on the temple dedicated to her as a thanksgiving for her aid at Marathon and afterwards, and in a manner which indicates the heroic status of those who fell there. Passage 2 differs from Passage 1 in that Passage 1... Focuses on determining the subject of the frieze. Gives a detailed description of the figures in the frieze. Considers how Greek citizens might have viewed the frieze. Entirely rejects the traditional interpretation of the frieze. Generally describes the importance of frieze. 12. perhatikan soal berikut! Passage 1 The inner lonic frieze of figures was seen from below in reflected light against a colored ground. It enriched the plain wall and directed attention toward the entrance to the temple. Though its subject is still 3 matter of scholarly dispute (“the riddle of the Parthenon frieze"), it probably represents the Panathenaic orocession that took place every four years when the citizens of Athens gathered in the marketplace and carried the peplos, or robe, for the statue of Athena to the Parthenon. The robe was not for Phidias' ivory and gold statue, but for an older, archaic one, kept, ultimately, in the Erechtheion of the Acropolis. This is the first known representation of a nonmythological subject in Greek temple reliefs. The Panathenaic frieze is unique in the ancient world for its careful creation of the impression of the passage of time, albeit a brief fragment of time. The effect is achieved by the use of a sequence of figures posed to present a gradation of motion. In the part of the frieze that decorated the western "de of the naos, the viewer can see the procession forming: youths are lacing their sandals and holding or mounting their horsess they are guided by marshals who stand at intervals, and particularly at the corners, to slow movement and guide the horsemen at the turn. In the friezes of the two long sides of the naos, the procession moves in parallel lines, a cavalcade of spirited youths, chariots, alders, jar carriers, and animals for sacrifice. Seen throughout the procession is that balance of the monumentally simple and the actual, of the tactile and the optical, of the "ideal" and the "real," of the permanent and the momentary that is characteristically Greek and the perfect exemplification of the "inner concord of opposites" that Heraclitus, the philosopher, wrote of in the sixth century B.C. The movement of the procession becomes slower and more solemn as it nears the eastern side of the naos, when, after turning the corner, it approaches the seated divinities, who appear to be guests of Athena at her great festival. Standing figures face against the general movement at ever- closer intervals, slowing the forward motion of the procession. Passage 2 There are many representations of festival or sacrifice in classical Greek art but it is unparalleled to find them attended by a number of guest deities, let alone the complete pantheon. And here we see Athena herself in their number: and they seem to be ignoring the handling of the peplos, which is the nearest we get to the culminating act of the procession. Finally, there is the choice of subject. in Lawrence's words, "Never before has a contemporary subject been treated on a religious building and no subsequent Greek instance is known, with the doubtful exception of the Erechtheum. The flagrant breach with tradition requires explanation. It is unthinkable that a classical Athenian, looking up at the frieze, could have said to himself "there I go", or even more vaguely "there we go". The subject must be, in some respect, more than mortal and the explanation must lie in the frieze itself and in knowledge of the background to its carving and the building on which it was placed. Moreover the explanation must have been apparent to the classical Athenian who knew this background. We cannot exempt the frieze from the conventions of classical art. We must rule out, then, the explanation that it is a contemporary or generic statement of the Panathenaic procession conducted by the citizens of Periclean Athens. In classical Athens of these years there was one group of mortal Athenian citizens who, by their actions, had acquired the right to depiction on public buildings and in the company of the gods: these are the men who fought at Marathon. Pausanias tells us that the people of Marathon worshipped the Athenian men who died as heroes, and a Hellenic inscription records that young Athenian men lay wreaths at their tomb. The heroising of the dead at Marathon is a fact which cannot be called. into dispute, and it was appropriate that they should have been celebrated on the Parthenon, in a position secondary to that of the purely divine and heroic subjects. My suggestion is that the frieze shows the fighters of Marathon celebrating the prime festival of the goddess Athena, on the temple dedicated to her as a thanksgiving for her aid at Marathon and afterwards, and in a manner which indicates the heroic status of those who fell there. Which choice provides the best evidence for the answer to the previous question? Paragraph 1 passage 1 (“Though its subject...Parthenon"). Paragraph 1 passage 1 (“This is the... reliefs"). Paragraph 2 passage 1(“The Panathenaic frieze...time"). Paragraph 2 passage 1 (“In the part...turn"). Paragraph 2 passage 1 (“Seen through-out... BC). 13. perhatikan soal berikut! Findings from several studies on corporate mergers and acquisitions during the 1970s and 1980s raise questions about why firms initiate and consummate such transactions. One study showed, for example, that acquiring firms were on average unable to maintain acquired firms' pre-merger levels of profitability. A second study concluded that postacquisition gains to most acquiring firms were not adequate to coverthe premiums paid to obtain acquired firms. Athird demonstrated that, following the announcement of a prospective merger, the stock of the prospective acquiring firm tends to increase in value much less than does that of the firm for which it bids. Yet mergers and acquisitions remain common, and bidders continue to assert that their objectives are economic ones. Acquisitions may well have the desirable effect of channeling a nation's resources efficiently from less to more efficientsectors of its economy, but the individual acquisitions executives arranging these deals must see them as advancing eithertheir own or their companies' private economic interests. It seems that factors having litt le to do with corporate economic interests explain acquisitions. These factors may include the incentive compensation of executives, lack of monitoring by boards of directors, and managerial error in estimating the value of firms targeted for acquisition. Alternatively, the acquisition acts of bidders may derive from modeling: a manager does whatother managers do. The primary purpose of the passage is to... review research demonstrating the benefits of corporate mergers and acquisitions and examine some of the drawbacks that acquisition behavior entails contrast the effects of corporate mergers and acquisitions on acquiring firms and on firms that are acquired report findings that raise questions about a reason for corporate mergers and acquisitions and suggest possible alternative reasons explain changes in attitude onthe part of acquiring firms toward corporate mergers and acquisitions account for a recent decline in the rate of corporate mergers and acquisitions 14. perhatikan soal berikut! Findings from several studies on corporate mergers and acquisitions during the 1970s and 1980s raise questions about why firms initiate and consummate such transactions. One study showed, for example, that acquiring firms were on average unable to maintain acquired firms' pre-merger levels of profitability. A second study concluded that postacquisition gains to most acquiring firms were not adequate to coverthe premiums paid to obtain acquired firms. Athird demonstrated that, following the announcement of a prospective merger, the stock of the prospective acquiring firm tends to increase in value much less than does that of the firm for which it bids. Yet mergers and acquisitions remain common, and bidders continue to assert that their objectives are economic ones. Acquisitions may well have the desirable effect of channeling a nation's resources efficiently from less to more efficientsectors of its economy, but the individual acquisitions executives arranging these deals must see them as advancing eithertheir own or their companies' private economic interests. It seems that factors having litt le to do with corporate economic interests explain acquisitions. These factors may include the incentive compensation of executives, lack of monitoring by boards of directors, and managerial error in estimating the value of firms targeted for acquisition. Alternatively, the acquisition acts of bidders may derive from modeling: a manager does whatother managers do. The findings cited in the passage suggest which of the following about the outcomes of corporate mergers and acquisitions with respect to acquiring firms? They include a decrease in value of many acquiring firms' stocks. They tend to be more beneficial for small firms than for large firms. They do not fulfill the professed goals of most acquiring firms. They tend to be beneficial to such firms in the long term even though apparently detrimental in the short term. They discourage many such firms from attempting to make subsequent bids and acquisitions. 15. perhatikan soal berikut! Findings from several studies on corporate mergers and acquisitions during the 1970s and 1980s raise questions about why firms initiate and consummate such transactions. One study showed, for example, that acquiring firms were on average unable to maintain acquired firms' pre-merger levels of profitability. A second study concluded that postacquisition gains to most acquiring firms were not adequate to coverthe premiums paid to obtain acquired firms. Athird demonstrated that, following the announcement of a prospective merger, the stock of the prospective acquiring firm tends to increase in value much less than does that of the firm for which it bids. Yet mergers and acquisitions remain common, and bidders continue to assert that their objectives are economic ones. Acquisitions may well have the desirable effect of channeling a nation's resources efficiently from less to more efficientsectors of its economy, but the individual acquisitions executives arranging these deals must see them as advancing eithertheir own or their companies' private economic interests. It seems that factors having litt le to do with corporate economic interests explain acquisitions. These factors may include the incentive compensation of executives, lack of monitoring by boards of directors, and managerial error in estimating the value of firms targeted for acquisition. Alternatively, the acquisition acts of bidders may derive from modeling: a manager does whatother managers do. It can be inferred from the passage that the author would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements about corporate acquisitions? Their known benefits to national economies explain their appeal to individual firms during the 1970s and 1980s. Despite their adverse impact on some firms, they are the best way to channel resources from less to more productive sectors of a nation's economy. They are as likely to occur because of poor monitoring by boards of directors asto be caused by incentive compensation for managers. They will be less prevalent in the future, since their actual effects will gain wider recognition. Factors other than economic benefit to the acquiring firm help to explain the frequency with which they occur. 16. perhatikan soal berikut! Findings from several studies on corporate mergers and acquisitions during the 1970s and 1980s raise questions about why firms initiate and consummate such transactions. One study showed, for example, that acquiring firms were on average unable to maintain acquired firms' pre-merger levels of profitability. A second study concluded that postacquisition gains to most acquiring firms were not adequate to coverthe premiums paid to obtain acquired firms. Athird demonstrated that, following the announcement of a prospective merger, the stock of the prospective acquiring firm tends to increase in value much less than does that of the firm for which it bids. Yet mergers and acquisitions remain common, and bidders continue to assert that their objectives are economic ones. Acquisitions may well have the desirable effect of channeling a nation's resources efficiently from less to more efficientsectors of its economy, but the individual acquisitions executives arranging these deals must see them as advancing eithertheir own or their companies' private economic interests. It seems that factors having litt le to do with corporate economic interests explain acquisitions. These factors may include the incentive compensation of executives, lack of monitoring by boards of directors, and managerial error in estimating the value of firms targeted for acquisition. Alternatively, the acquisition acts of bidders may derive from modeling: a manager does whatother managers do. The author of the passage mentions the effect of acquisitions on national economies most probably in order to... provide an explanation for the mergers and acquisitions of the 1970s and 1980s overlooked by the findings discussed in the passage suggest that national economic interests played an important role in the mergers and acquisitions of the 1970s and 1980s support a noneconomic explanation for the mergers and acquisitions of the 1970s and 1980s that was cited earlier in the passage cite and pointout the inadequacy of one possible explanation for the prevalence of mergers andacquisitions during the 1970s and 1980s explain how modeling affected the decisions made by managers involved in mergers and acquisitions during the 1970s and 1980s 17. perhatikan soal berikut! Findings from several studies on corporate mergers and acquisitions during the 1970s and 1980s raise questions about why firms initiate and consummate such transactions. One study showed, for example, that acquiring firms were on average unable to maintain acquired firms' pre-merger levels of profitability. A second study concluded that postacquisition gains to most acquiring firms were not adequate to coverthe premiums paid to obtain acquired firms. Athird demonstrated that, following the announcement of a prospective merger, the stock of the prospective acquiring firm tends to increase in value much less than does that of the firm for which it bids. Yet mergers and acquisitions remain common, and bidders continue to assert that their objectives are economic ones. Acquisitions may well have the desirable effect of channeling a nation's resources efficiently from less to more efficientsectors of its economy, but the individual acquisitions executives arranging these deals must see them as advancing eithertheir own or their companies' private economic interests. It seems that factors having litt le to do with corporate economic interests explain acquisitions. These factors may include the incentive compensation of executives, lack of monitoring by boards of directors, and managerial error in estimating the value of firms targeted for acquisition. Alternatively, the acquisition acts of bidders may derive from modeling: a manager does whatother managers do. The author of the passage implies that which of the following is a possible partial explanation for acquisition behavior during the 1970s and 1980s? Managers wished to imitate other managers primarily because they saw howfinancially beneficial other firms' acquisitions were. Managers miscalculated the value of firms that were to be acquired. Lack of consensus within boards of directors resulted in their imposing conflicting goals on managers. Total compensation packages for managers increased during that period. The value of bidding firms' stock increased significantly when prospective mergers were announced. 18. perhatikan soal berikut! Following recent concerns about the high cost of running competitive motor racing teams, and doubts in sponsors minds over the commercial value of their involvement, the viability of motor racing has been critically questioned. Both motor racing and automotive manufactures are increasingly looking towards innovative solutions to maximize return on investment. This is at a time when the motor industry has to become more environmentally friendly while avoiding any compromise in performance. With this mind, the University of Warwick team based in the Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG) and the Warwick Innovative Manufacturing Research Centre decided to build a competitive racing car using environmentally sustainable components. Their aim was to show the industry just how much is possible using current environmentally sustainable technologies. What they created is the first Formula 3 racing car designed and made from sustainable and renewable materials, putting the words first by effectively managing the planet's resources. The World First Formula 3 racing car is powered by chocolate, steered by carrots, has bodywork made from potatoes and can still do 125 mph around corners. The car meets all the Formula 3 racing standards, on fuel derived from waste chocolate and vegetable oil Formula 3 cars currently cannot use biodiesel. Asked why had undertaken this project. Dr. Steve Maggs said “As original equipment manu- factures focus on decreasing engine emissions, to meet future CO, requirements, the World First Project proves that if you are going to wholeheartedly embrace 'the green is great' ethos, you have to broaden your vision and have a strategy that stretches throughout the cain from the raw materials to the final disposal of the car. The project clearly demonstrates that automotive environmentalism can and should be about the whole package”. Project manager, James Meredith, summed up the feelings of them when he said that “It's been very exciting working on the project and important for our team to develop a working example of a truly “green” motor racing car”. The World First project dispels the myth that performance needs to be compromised when developing the sustainable motor vehicles of the future. The best topic of the above text is ... Green environment in car manufacturing Renewable car fuels of the modern technology. Innovative fuel research by Manufacturing Group. Environmentally friendly advanced formula racing car. Racing car with environmentally sustain able components. 19. perhatikan soal berikut! Following recent concerns about the high cost of running competitive motor racing teams, and doubts in sponsors minds over the commercial value of their involvement, the viability of motor racing has been critically questioned. Both motor racing and automotive manufactures are increasingly looking towards innovative solutions to maximize return on investment. This is at a time when the motor industry has to become more environmentally friendly while avoiding any compromise in performance. With this mind, the University of Warwick team based in the Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG) and the Warwick Innovative Manufacturing Research Centre decided to build a competitive racing car using environmentally sustainable components. Their aim was to show the industry just how much is possible using current environmentally sustainable technologies. What they created is the first Formula 3 racing car designed and made from sustainable and renewable materials, putting the words first by effectively managing the planet's resources. The World First Formula 3 racing car is powered by chocolate, steered by carrots, has bodywork made from potatoes and can still do 125 mph around corners. The car meets all the Formula 3 racing standards, on fuel derived from waste chocolate and vegetable oil Formula 3 cars currently cannot use biodiesel. Asked why had undertaken this project. Dr. Steve Maggs said “As original equipment manu- factures focus on decreasing engine emissions, to meet future CO, requirements, the World First Project proves that if you are going to wholeheartedly embrace 'the green is great' ethos, you have to broaden your vision and have a strategy that stretches throughout the cain from the raw materials to the final disposal of the car. The project clearly demonstrates that automotive environmentalism can and should be about the whole package”. Project manager, James Meredith, summed up the feelings of them when he said that “It's been very exciting working on the project and important for our team to develop a working example of a truly “green” motor racing car”. The World First project dispels the myth that performance needs to be compromised when developing the sustainable motor vehicles of the future. The word “exciting” in the text means ... Surprising Inspiring Boring Stimulating Frightening 20. perhatikan soal berikut! Following recent concerns about the high cost of running competitive motor racing teams, and doubts in sponsors minds over the commercial value of their involvement, the viability of motor racing has been critically questioned. Both motor racing and automotive manufactures are increasingly looking towards innovative solutions to maximize return on investment. This is at a time when the motor industry has to become more environmentally friendly while avoiding any compromise in performance. With this mind, the University of Warwick team based in the Warwick Manufacturing Group (WMG) and the Warwick Innovative Manufacturing Research Centre decided to build a competitive racing car using environmentally sustainable components. Their aim was to show the industry just how much is possible using current environmentally sustainable technologies. What they created is the first Formula 3 racing car designed and made from sustainable and renewable materials, putting the words first by effectively managing the planet's resources. The World First Formula 3 racing car is powered by chocolate, steered by carrots, has bodywork made from potatoes and can still do 125 mph around corners. The car meets all the Formula 3 racing standards, on fuel derived from waste chocolate and vegetable oil Formula 3 cars currently cannot use biodiesel. Asked why had undertaken this project. Dr. Steve Maggs said “As original equipment manu- factures focus on decreasing engine emissions, to meet future CO, requirements, the World First Project proves that if you are going to wholeheartedly embrace 'the green is great' ethos, you have to broaden your vision and have a strategy that stretches throughout the cain from the raw materials to the final disposal of the car. The project clearly demonstrates that automotive environmentalism can and should be about the whole package”. Project manager, James Meredith, summed up the feelings of them when he said that “It's been very exciting working on the project and important for our team to develop a working example of a truly “green” motor racing car”. The World First project dispels the myth that performance needs to be compromised when developing the sustainable motor vehicles of the future. The goal of the World First project is to how… The increasing profits of motor racing manufactures. The process of manufacturing better Formula 3 cars. The demand of environmentally friendly car technologies. The development of innovative sustainable car components. The possibility of producing a good green motor racing car.
